What is Plain Cement Concrete (PCC)?
Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) is a lean concrete mixture made of cement, sand, and coarse aggregate in fixed proportions. It is used as a non-reinforced surface base before laying reinforced concrete (RCC) footings, plinths, and raft foundations.
Common Mix Ratios:
- M7.5 – 1:4:8
- M10 – 1:3:6
- M15 – 1:2:4
PCC provides a firm, level, and clean surface for placing reinforcement cages and ensures moisture insulation from subsoil.
Why is PCC Used in Construction?
How is PCC Made and Laid?
Materials:
- Cement (Ordinary Portland Cement)
- Fine aggregate (sand)
- Coarse aggregate (nominal size: 20mm)
Procedure:
- Ground preparation:
- Clean, level, and compact the soil surface
- Water is sprinkled for settling fine particles
- Mixing:
- Manually or using a concrete mixture machine
- Consistent, homogenous blend achieved
- Pouring:
- Laid directly on prepared ground
- Leveled with a screed board
- Compacted using manual tamping or mechanical vibrators
Civil construction consultants ensure proper water-cement ratio and thickness for site-specific needs.
Measurement of PCC (As per CPWD 1200 Norms)
PCC quantity is measured in cubic meters (m³).
✅ Formula:
Volume = Length × Width × Thickness
This measurement is critical for:
- BOQ (Bill of Quantities)
- Contractor billing and estimation
- Material planning and procurement
Example: For a 4m × 2m footing base with 0.1m thickness:
Volume = 4 × 2 × 0.1 = 0.8 m³
Where is PCC Used?
- Foundation bases (RCC columns, plinths, footings)
- Pavements and industrial floors
- Sub-base for raft and mat foundations
- Drainage channels, ducts, boundary walls
Tips for Quality PCC Work
- Use fresh materials and clean water
- Avoid excessive water which weakens the mix
- Compact and level properly to prevent voids
- Cure the PCC for at least 3–7 days if exposed
- Ensure no honeycombing or segregation
Conclusion: PCC is the First Step Toward Long-Lasting Construction
Plain Cement Concrete is a simple yet essential layer in structural foundations. It sets the stage for safe, strong, and compliant RCC construction. With accurate mix design, surface prep, and curing, PCC ensures:
- Uniform base conditions
- Load stability
- Resistance to subsoil moisture
- Cost-efficient long-term durability
Partnering with an experienced civil engineering consultant ensures:
- Proper mix design and implementation
- Volume estimation and cost optimization
- Quality control and site supervision
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