India has a rich tradition of fermented dairy-based dishes that are nutritious, probiotic-rich, and widely consumed across regions. This article explores the preparation methods, variations, and food processing techniques involved in making Raita, Kadhi, Dahiwada, and Raabadi. These products are essential for food consultants, food processing consultants, and food manufacturing consultants aiming to modernize traditional foods with industrial-scale production and packaging.
Kadhi – A Traditional Fermented Curry
Kadhi is a spiced yogurt-based curry made from fermented dahi (curd) and Bengal gram flour (besan). It is known for its unique tangy taste and cooked flavor, making it a staple in several Indian regions.
Ingredients and Composition
- Fermented dahi from standardized milk (0.8–1.0% fat)
- Besan (5–8%) as a thickener
- Optional additions: fried gram flour balls (pakoras), boiled vegetables
- Milk solids: 6–8%
- Total solids after cooking: 14–16%
Preparation Method
- Ferment pasteurized milk with a mix of Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Lactococcus cremoris.
- After curdling, stir the dahi and mix in besan with equal parts water.
- Boil for 10–15 minutes.
- Add salt, turmeric, and spices.
- Garnish with chopped onions and serve.
Dehydrated Kadhi – Instant Food Innovation
For food industry consultants and food business consultancies, dehydrated kadhi offers convenience and longer shelf life.
- The slurry is dried using double drum rollers at 60°C, 45–50 psi pressure, and 16–20 rpm.
- The product is packed in LDPE or HDPE laminated pouches to retain freshness for up to 12 weeks.
Raita – A Cooling Yogurt Side Dish
Raita is a popular side dish made from seasoned dahi, often consumed with rice or roti.
Common Ingredients
- Lightly beaten dahi
- Salt, pepper, cumin seeds, mustard seeds
- Vegetables: cucumber, onion, tomato, carrot, pumpkin
- Fruits: banana, mango (for sweet raita)
- Garnishes: red chili powder, garam masala, mint or coriander
Regional Variations
- Kerala's “ginger curd” includes green chilies and ginger
- Besan or black gram dal granules for texture
Food Consulting Insight
Food processing consultants can explore regional variations and formulate packaged raita mixes for urban markets using controlled fermentation and portioned ingredient packs.
Dahiwada – A Fermented Snack Delight
Dahiwada is a traditional Indian snack made from deep-fried lentil patties soaked in spiced dahi.
Ingredients & Preparation
- Black gram dal soaked overnight
- Ground into thick batter with spices
- Fried into patties, soaked in salt water, then immersed in beaten dahi
- Garnished with mint, chili powder, and tamarind-jaggery chutney
Technical Aspects
- Frying temperature: ~150°C
- Important to beat dahi for even absorption
- Final touch: sweet-sour tamarind sauce
This is an ideal product for food technology consulting firms exploring RTE (ready-to-eat) chilled or frozen variants for modern retail.
Raabadi – A Probiotic Fermented Beverage
Raabadi (Rabadi) is a lactic acid fermented beverage made from buttermilk and cereals, widely consumed in semi-arid regions of India.
Traditional Preparation
- Mix wheat, pearl millet, barley, or maize flour with buttermilk
- Ferment at 40–45°C for 4–6 hours
- Boil, add salt, cool, and serve
Probiotic Potential
Studies show cereals and millets boost the growth of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus plantarum, L. reuteri, L. acidophilus, and L. fermentum.
This presents an opportunity for food manufacturing consultants to develop probiotic dairy beverages using indigenous cereals.
Research-Based Formulation (NDRI, Karnal)
- Used skim milk + 5.3% germinated pearl millet flour
- Stabilized with 0.6% pectin
- Shelf life: 7 days at 5–7°C
Conclusion
Traditional fermented dairy-based foods like Kadhi, Raita, Dahiwada, and Raabadi represent both culinary heritage and commercial opportunity. These dishes can be adapted for mass production with the help of food consultants, food processing consultants, and food business consultancy firms by implementing food technology innovations, packaging solutions, and process optimization.
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